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A group of the Institute of Photonics of the Vienna University of Technology has demonstrated the ability of graphene to convert light into electrical signal in an extremely rapid. This allows to consider applications for example in the transfer of data between computers. Expectations graphene Graphene, an allotrope of carbon where the atoms are arranged in a single layer of cells in the manner of a hive (see illustration below), drew the attention of scientists and industrialists since 2004, when its first isolation. Although relatively abundant in nature, especially since it forms the basis of graphite [1], reaching isolate a single layer with a thickness of an atom is a technological challenge. However, it is a promising material in several respects: its tensile strength is 200 times higher than steel for a lower mass, and its electrical resistivity is lower than that of silver, which is the substance with the lowest resistivity at room temperature. Its various properties are logically the subject of active research – the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded as a result of progress in research on graphene.
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Russian scientists propose creating lasers based on graphene, reports the site rian.ru.
New procedures to create graphene-based heterostructures have recently been proposed by researchers at the Lebedev Physical Institute (FIAN) of the Academy of Sciences. They could form the basis of devices providing light, and also find applications in electronics.
Graphene is in the form of a single layer of carbon atoms linked together by chemical bonds of a structure reminiscent of their geometric structure of the cells of honey bees. He has exceptional physical and chemical properties, making graphene and its derivatives very attractive for various fields of science and technology. Recall that the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to two researchers from Russia working in Britain, Konstantin Novoselov and Andre Gueim for their pioneering work on graphene.
Two researchers from FIAN, Andrei Silin and Pavel Ratnikov, in turn offer new methods for constructing planar heterostructures based on graphene, which could form the basis of light-generating instruments, such as diodes or lasers. The peculiarity of the heterostructures is that they offer, according to their calculations, they should have the properties of what is called the quantum hole – a structure within which the electrons move only in two directions.
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The experimental value of graphene, a material with high conductivity, is defined by fundamental physical units regardless of the origin of the sample. This is extraordinary, but now researchers from the Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM) offered in the magazine Physical Review B an explanation for this surprising phenomenon.
Since the first report of graphene by the recently awarded the Nobel Prize Andre Geim and Novoselov Konstantin, the conductivity of this material has been the focus of intense debate. The fact that experimental value comes defined by fundamental physical units, regardless of the origin of the sample of graphene, is extraordinary. In a recent publication, researchers from the Autonomous University of Madrid offers an explanation for this surprising fact.
The emergence of new phenomena Condensed Matter Physics is inevitably linked to the synthesis, manufacture and even the casual discovery of new materials, and what is even more important, the quality of such materials. The heterostructures of different semiconductor materials are, for instance, a clear reflection of the relationship between progress in the production and discovery of new physical phenomena. Today a new material is responsible for the renewed interest in two-dimensional electronic systems: graphene.
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The result could consientire to overcome one of the biggest obstacles to the realization of practical devices for use with this promising material
Graphene – the material consists of hexagonal cells in patterns of carbon just one atom thick – is indicated for some time as one of the most promising for the realization of electronic devices of the future, by virtue of its outstanding mechanical and electronic.
One of the obstacles to the realization of devices for practical use, however, the lack of purity of the samples obtained by conventional methods. Now the problem could be solved thanks to a new study of laboratory Nest Nanoscience Institute of the National Research Council and the Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, coordinated by Sarah Goler and Vittorio Pellegrini, in collaboration with Columbia University.
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The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has awarded today the Nobel Prize in Physics 2010 to Andre Geim (Sochi, Russia, 1958) and Konstantin Novoselov (Nizhny Tagil, Russia, 1974) for their work on graphene, a carbon material, transparent and good conductor of electricity, suitable for the production of touch screens, light panels and solar panels.
Geim and Novoselov have shown the exceptional properties of graphene, a thin ‘Snowflake‘ ordinary carbon, as one atom thick, which originates from the world of quantum physics. The material is brand new, for its fineness and strength, and conducts electricity like copper. As conductor of heat also surpasses all other known materials.
The Nobel Prize-winning physicist, who have been working together extracted the graphene, which is almost completely transparent but very dense, one-piece graphite as found in pencils. With normal tape managed to get a bag of coal on the thickness of an atom. The new material allows various applications such as the creation of new materials and innovative electronics manufacturing.
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The super-fast electronics of the future will require the use of new materials and the most talked-about moment is graphene . A brief reminder about the material extracted by mechanical exfoliation of graphite ( by pulling tape) : the discovery was made in 2004 at the University of Manchester by the physicist Andre Geim ‘s team . The group had already shown through his research on the diamagnetic which had earned the award in 2000 ” Ig Nobel Prize ” for having made a frog levitate !
Returning to our frogs, graphene is the only known crystal structure with a two-dimensional. The planar structure allows it to have remarkable mechanical and electrical properties . Indeed , in addition to being highly resistant ( Young’s modulus of 0.5 TPa ) , graphene allows electrons to move at a speed estimated in the best case to 100 times higher than in silicon .
In recent years, graphene has become one of the ” darlings ” of laboratories because it is often presented as a replacement for silicon electronics for decades to come. Its characteristics and properties that the consensus among researchers , there is no doubt that without the difficulties of mass production in graphene is already in all our computers!
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A team from U.S. and Spanish researchers has shown that under certain conditions, the graphene – a possible replacement for silicon semiconductors can generate nanoburbujas in which the electrons act as if they were in strong magnetic fields . This strange behavior opens the way to the development of new applications in nanotechnology and microelectronics.
Graphene , a sheet of pure carbon considered as a possible replacement for silicon-based semiconductors , has a unique and surprising property that could make it even more suitable for future electronic devices , as physicists have discovered the University of California- Berkeley, the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ( LBNL) and Boston University in the U.S., and the Institute of Material Science of Madrid ( CSIC).
Scientists have found that when graphene is stretched in a certain way nanoburbujas spring , in which electrons behave in a strange way , as if they were moving in a strong magnetic field . The work is published in the latest issue of the journal Science.
Within each nanoburbuja electrons localized in quantum energy levels instead of using up energy bands, as in graphene relaxed.
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The graphene has become a key component in future electronics, allowing the chips to work up to a thousand times faster than today. Its many properties with the simplicity of its structure and composition have become a material that could replace conventional silicon electronics in just a few years. The possibilities that open from this compound is one of the axes of the national conference on the physics of matter being held these days at the University of Zaragoza.
The Aula Magna auditorium hosts about 200 scientists from universities and Spanish and foreign research within the Sixth Meeting of the Specialized Group of Solid State Physics, the Royal Spanish Physics Society (chiefs 2010).
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The current development of nanotechnologies and their impacts on health have been central to the first edition of the show 1st Nano Today, held from August 2 to 5 at Biopolis (Singapore hub dedicated to R & D for the biomedical sector). Nearly thirty international experts were invited to the event organized by the Institute of Singapore Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (IBN) and the scientific journal Nano Today.
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Graphene, the rising star of materials for the electronics of the future, is widely studied in the world of nanotechnology by many research groups around the world. A team of researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, led by the Group Director of Nanoelectronics Joseph Lyding, and the doctoral student Kyle Ritter, showed experimentally properties on behavior and metal semiconductor that material. Indeed, the researchers said,
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| Category: physics | Tags: carbon, crystallographic orientation, Electronics, graphene, metal semiconductor, microscope, nanoelectronics, nanometers, nanoscale, Nanotechnology, semiconducting, silicon, transistor |
Returning to our frogs, graphene is the only known crystal structure with a two-dimensional. The planar structure allows it to have remarkable mechanical and electrical properties . Indeed , in addition to being highly resistant ( Young’s modulus of 0.5 TPa ) , graphene allows electrons to move at a speed estimated in the best case to 100 times higher than in silicon .