The hearing “Architecture and standards of the Smart Grid [1 ]: assessment of the coordination and promotion ” was held at the Congress in the Committee for Science and Technology [2 ] on 1 July 2010 .
Witnesses called to the hearing were:
- George Arnold , National Coordinator for Interoperability of Smart Grid [ 3 ] at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST ) [4 ]
- Emmet Mason , Associate Director in the office of innovation and energy policy at the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission ( FERC ) [ 5]
- John McDonald , director of technical strategy and policy development at General Electric Energy ( GE Energy ) [6 ]
- Conrad Eustis , director of technology development for retail sale in Portland General Electric ( PGE – supplier of electricity ) [7 ]
- Lillie Coney , associate director of the Think Tank Electronic Privacy Information Center ( EPIC ) [8 ] which deals with issues of protection of privacy .
These helped us to have a fairly accurate inventory on the process of standardization of Smart Grid in the United States of America .
In the “rgy Indep Eneendence and Security Act ( EISA ) [9 ] of 2007 , Congress mandated NIST to coordinate the development of a structure (framework ) including protocols and standards to ensure interoperability of different systems and materials constituting the Smart Grid . The law states that the interoperability framework must be flexible, consistent and technologically neutral. It also states that he must live with the traditional system of production and centralized distribution of electricity , while facilitating the integration of new technology, the Smart Grid such as distributed power generation or energy storage .
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Carbon nanotubes were discovered in Japan by S. Iijima in 1991, published in Nature 354, 56 (1991), during the research on fullerenes. The great impact of nanostructured materials is due to its large surface properties and improved roads open to a wide variety of new applications. So, have attracted and are attracting considerable interest as constituents of new materials and nanoscale devices.
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Researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Chemical Technology (ICT) have developed an innovative battery circulating redox ( “redox-flow“). This type of battery has the following advantage: when it is discharged, the electrolyte fluid from which it operates can be simply exchanged against an electrolyte nine, which requires as much time as filling a gas tank.
To meet the challenge to move one million units by 2020 in Germany, one of the problems that remain to be addressed is that of energy storage.
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